Tidbits of History, August 1

National Girlfriends Day
National Raspberry Cream Pie Day
National Day of Switzerland Traditional founding date of Switzerland in 1291; The Old Swiss Confederacy was formed with the signing of the Federal Charter.

August 1, 1620 – The Speedwell left Delfshaven, Netherlands and reached Southampton, Hampshire in southeast England. At Southampton it met up with the Mayflower and set out for America on August 5, 1620. Shortly after the Speedwell started taking on water so the ships landed at Dartmouth, Devon. The leaks were sealed and the ships sailed again. They got as far as Plymouth, Devon when the Speedwell was again leaking. It was decided to sell the Speedwell and transfer the passengers and crew to the Mayflower. Of the combined 121 passengers, 102 were chosen to make the trip. The reduced party finally sailed on Sept 6th.

1790 – The first U.S. census was completed with a total population of 3,929,214 recorded. The areas included were the original thirteen colonies (now states) and Kentucky, Maine, and Tennessee. The population had grown from 350 at Jamestown, Virginia in 1610.

1801 – First Barbary War: The American schooner USS Enterprise captured the Tripolitan corsair Tripoli after a fierce but one-sided battle off the coast of modern-day Libya. Unscathed, Enterprise sent the battered pirate into port since the schooner’s orders prohibited taking prizes. Remembered in Marine hymn “From the halls of Montezuma… to the shores of Tripoli…”

1834 – Slavery was abolished in the British Empire as the Slavery Abolition Act of 1833 went into force.

Colorado headerColorado Day, a legal holiday in Colorado in honor of the admission to the Union in 1876 as the thirty-eighth state

  • Capital: Denver
  • Nickname: Centennial State
  • Bird: Lark bunting
  • Flower: Rocky Mountain Columbine
  • Tree:Blue Spruce
  • Motto: Nothing Without Providence

See our page Colorado for more interesting facts and trivia about Colorado.

The first Jeep was produced on August 1, 1941.

1943 – In the Solomon Islands, the U.S. Navy patrol torpedo boat PT-109 sank after being hit by the Japanese destroyer, Amagiri. The boat was under the command of Lt. John F. Kennedy. Eleven of the thirteen crew survived.

August 1, 1944: Anne Frank made the last entry in her diary. Three days later she was arrested. She was deported to Auschwitz on Sept 3, 1944 and died in early March, 1945.

The United States and Canada formed the North American Aerospace Defense Command (NORAD) in 1957.

1961 – U.S. Defense Secretary Robert McNamara ordered the creation of the Defense Intelligence Agency (DIA), the nation’s first centralized military espionage organization. It operates under the jurisdiction of the Dept of Defense.

From Today in Science
In 1831, New London Bridge opened to traffic. In 1821, a committee was formed by Parliament to consider the poor condition of the existing centuries-old bridge. The arches had been badly damaged by the Great Freeze, so it was decided to build a new bridge. Building commenced under John Rennie in 1825, and completed in 1831, at the expense of the city. The bridge is composed of five arches, and built of Dartmoor granite. It was opened with great splendour by King William IV, accompanied by Queen Adelaide, and many of the members of the royal family, August 1st, 1831. In the 1960’s it was auctioned and sold for $2,460,000 to Robert McCulloch who moved it to Havasu City, Arizona. The rebuilt London Bridge was completed and dedicated on 10 Oct 1971.

Also from Today in Science
In 1873, English inventor Andrew Smith Hallidie, in the U.S. since 1852, revolutionized transportation methods in San Francisco when he successfully tested a cable car he had designed to solve the problem of providing mass transit up San Francisco’s steep hills. He not only invented, but also manufactured, and patented the first cable car and its system of wire ropes, pulleys, tracks, and grips that made it possible. Hallidie, an engineer and one-time miner, realized the need on one foggy day in 1869 when he watched in horror as horses pulling a carriage up one of the City’s steep grades slipped on the wet cobblestoned street, the heavy carriage rolled backward downhill and the five horses dragged behind it suffered fatal injuries. Hallidie, using wire rope, had already had much success in the use of cable drawn ore cars for use in mines.

Birthdays

Birthday of William Clark (August 1, 1770), American solider and explorer who, together with Meriwether Lewis, led an expedition from St. Louis to the Pacific following the Louisiana Purchase. Their journey lasted from May 1804 to September 1806.

Birthday of Francis Scott Key (August 1, 1779), American lawyer and author of “The Star-Spangled Banner”.

Birthday of Herman Melville (August 1, 1819), American author of “Moby Dick”

Tidbits of History for The month of August

August, the eighth month of the year, was named for the Roman emperor Augustus. In many countries it is a traditional time for music festivals, fairs, expositions, and family holidays.

The one religious day in the month that is observed around the world is the 15th, the Feast of the Assumption of Mary, a holy day and a holiday in many Roman Catholic countries. On this day the Italian, Spanish, and Latin American peoples cherish age-old religious processions often followed by fiesta activities.
The Assumption of Mary was the taking up of Mary into Heaven at the end of her earthly life.

The Anglo-Saxons called it Weod monath, which means Weed month, because it is the month when weeds and other plants grow most rapidly.

August is the busiest time for tourism.

According to Project Britain

Weather-lore, beliefs and sayings:

‘The hottest days of the year often fall in August.’

‘Dry August and warm doth harvest no harm’.

‘If the first week of August be warm, the winter will be white and long.’

The flowers for this month are the gladiolus and the poppy which represent beauty, strength, love, marriage and family.

Gladiolus-August flower

Poppies, August flower

The birthstones are the sardonyx and the peridot.

sardonyx
Peridotgem

This is the month with highest birth rate in the United States.

Celebrate the Month:
Admit You’re Happy Month
Family Fun Month
National Catfish Month
National Eye Exam Month
National Golf Month
Peach Month
Romance Awareness Month
Water Quality Month
National Picnic Month

Weekly Events:
Week 1 National Simplify your Life Week
Week 2 National Smile Week
Week 3 Friendship Week
Week 4 Be Kind to Humankind Week

On August 1st Colorado celebrates its statehood in 1876.
August 10 is the anniversary of the day Missouri became a state in 1821.
August 21 is statehood day in Hawaii, the 50th state, in 1959.

Tidbits of History, July 31

July 31 is:

National Raspberry Cake Day
Cotton Candy Day
Mutt’s Day

Pilgrim Fathers departed Leiden, Holland for England before heading to America on July 31, 1620.

Birthday of John Ericcson (July 31, 1803), American inventor of the screw propeller, pioneer in modern naval construction, builder of the famous “Monitor“.

Andrew Johnson died July 31Death in 1875 of Andrew Johnson , seventeenth President of the United States, who became president when Abraham Lincoln was assassinated. Johnson died in Elizabethton, Tennessee at age 66 after suffering a stroke. Following the presidency, Johnson had been elected to the U.S. Senate from the state of Tennessee.

The Impeachment of Andrew Johnson was one of the most dramatic events in the political life of the United States during Reconstruction. The first impeachment of a sitting United States president, it was the consummation of a lengthy political battle between the moderate Johnson and the “Radical Republican” movement that dominated Congress and sought control of Reconstruction policies. The trial concluded with Johnson’s acquittal.

There are only four kinds of office that may be attained by a citizen under the Constitution – legislative, judicial, military, and executive. Andrew Johnson is the only man to attain all these and to be both Vice-President and President.

In 2006, Fidel Castro handed over power temporarily to brother Raúl Castro. This leads to a celebration in Little Havana (La Pequeña Habana in Spanish), Miami, Florida, where many Cuban Americans participated.

Tidbits of History, July 30

July 30 is:

National Cheesecake Day
Father-in-Law Day

In Jamestown, Virginia, the first representative assembly in the Americas, the House of Burgesses, convened for the first time on July 30, 1619.

City of Baltimore was founded in 1729.

Marseillais Day. The Marseillaise, the national anthem of France composed by Rouget de Lisle, was sung in Paris for the first time in 1792.

Birthday of Emily Jane Brontë (July 30, 1818), in Thornton England; novelist of (Wuthering Heights), younger sister of Charlotte Brontë (Jane Eyre) and older sister of Anne.

Slave rebels, took over slave ship, La Amistad in 1839.

Henry FordBirthday of Henry Ford (July 30, 1863), American inventor, automobile manufacturer, and philanthropist

From Today in Science:
In 1898, Corn Flakes were invented by William Kellogg at Battle Creek ( Michigan) Sanitarium. Sanitarium superintendent, Dr. John Harvey Kellogg and Will Keith Kellogg, his younger brother and business manager, invented many grain-based foods, including a coffee substitute, a type of granola, and peanut butter to provide patients a strict nutritious diet. In 1894 they unintentionally invented a flaked cereal process based on wheat. By 1898, W.K. Kellogg had developed the first flaked corn cereal. Patients enjoyed the cereals and wanted more to take home. In 1906, the Battle Creek Toaster Corn Flake Company was founded by W.K. Kellogg.

1942 – FDR signed bill creating women’s Navy auxiliary agency (WAVES). The name was the acronym for “Women Accepted for Volunteer Emergency Service”

A joint resolution of the U.S. Congress in 1956 was signed by President Dwight D. Eisenhower, authorizing “In God we trust” as the U.S. national motto.

Tidbits of History, July 29

July 29 is:

National Lasagna Day

Cheese Sacrifice Purchase Day – Apparently the holiday came about from the tradition of filling mouse traps with cheese: you’d sacrifice your purchase in the name of eradicating vermin.

National Chicken Wing Day; aka National Buffalo Wing Day

Birthday of Alexis de Tocqueville (July 29, 1805), French statesman and author of “Democracy in America”

Arch of Triumph, ParisInauguration of the Arc de Triomphe in Paris, France in 1836.

1864-07-29 – American Civil War: Confederate spy Belle Boyd was arrested by Union troops and detained at the Old Capitol Prison in Washington, DC. Boyd was held for a month before being released on August 29, 1862, when she was exchanged at Fort Monroe, Virginia.

From Today in Science:
Birthday of French inventor, Marcel Bich , (July 29, 1914), who built his business empire by creating throwaway Bic pens, razors and lighters. In 1945, Marcel Bich and his friend, Edouard Buffard, acquired an empty factory shell near Paris, France, and soon developed a thriving business, producing parts for fountain pens and mechanical lead pencils. Later, Bich spent two years developing his ballpoint pen design, and in 1949, he was able to produce a reliable, low cost ballpoint pen. In 1973 the Bic Lighter was introduced in the U.S., followed by Bic Shavers, first introduced in 1976.

U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower signed into law the National Aeronautics and Space Act, which creates the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) in 1958.

wedding July 29, 1981A worldwide television audience of over 700 million people watch the wedding of Charles, Prince of Wales, and Lady Diana Spencer at St Paul’s Cathedral in London on July 29, 1981.

Tidbits of History, July 28

July 28 is:

National Milk Chocolate Day
National Hamburger Day

Maximilien Robespierre and Louis Antoine de Saint-Just were executed by guillotine in Paris, France in 1794 during the French Revolution.

Birthday of Beatrix Potter (July 28, 1866), English author and illustrator of “The Tale of Peter Rabbit”

In 1868, the 14th Amendment to the United States Constitution is certified, establishing African American citizenship and guaranteeing due process of law.

From Today in Science
Earl Silas Tupper (born July 28, 1907 at Berlin, New Hampshire) was an American inventor and manufacturer who introduced Tupperware. In the 1930’s, Tupper invented a flexible, lightweight material that was used to make plastic gas masks during World War II. From working at DuPont (1937-38), he gained experience in plastics design and struck out on his own. In the ’40s, plastic products had a reputation for being brittle, greasy, smelly and generally unreliable. Tupper’s contributions were twofold. First, he developed a method for purifying black polyethylene slag, a waste product produced in oil refinement, into a substance that was flexible, tough, non-porous, non-greasy and translucent. Second, he developed the Tupper seal, an airtight, watertight lid modeled on the lid for paint containers. Together, these innovations laid the foundations for the future success of Tupperware as a consumer product. His company had great success by marketing through Brownie Wise’s idea of Tupperware parties. Earl Tupper died 5 Oct 1983 at age 76.

Jacqueline Kennedy, born July 28, 1929 Birthday of Jacqueline Bouvier Kennedy Onassis (July 28, 1929), wife of John F Kennedy; first lady 1961-1963.

Save

Tidbits of History, July 27

July 27 is:

Bagpipe Appreciation Day
Take Your Pants for a Walk Day Today is about getting out and getting exercise.
National Scotch Day

In 1663, the English Parliament passed the second Navigation Act, requiring that all goods bound for the American colonies have to be sent in English ships from English ports.

1775 – Founding of the U.S. Army Medical Department: The Second Continental Congress passed legislation establishing “an hospital for an army consisting of 20,000 men.” The U.S. Army Medical Department Museum — or AMEDD Museum — is located at Fort Sam Houston, San Antonio, Texas.

In 1789, the first U.S. federal government agency, the Department of Foreign Affairs, was established (it will be later renamed Department of State).

The Starry Night by Van GoghJuly 27, 1890, Vincent van Gogh shot himself and died two days later. According to Wikipedia:

“On 22 February 1890, Van Gogh suffered a new crisis that was ‘the starting point for one of the saddest episodes in a life already rife with sad events’. From February until the end of April he was unable to bring himself to write, though he did continue to draw and paint, which follows a pattern begun the previous May… For a year he ‘had fits of despair and hallucination during which he could not work, and in between them, long clear months in which he could and did, punctuated by extreme visionary ecstasy.’

On 27 July 1890, aged 37, Van Gogh is believed to have shot himself in the chest with a revolver (although no gun was ever found). There were no witnesses…. Biographer David Sweetman writes that the bullet was deflected by a rib bone and passed through his chest without doing apparent damage to internal organs—probably stopped by his spine. He was able to walk back to the Auberge Ravoux, and there was attended by two physicians; however, without a surgeon present, the bullet could not be removed. After tending to him as best they could, the two physicians left Van Gogh alone in his room, smoking his pipe. The following morning (Monday), Theo (his brother) rushed to be with Van Gogh as soon as he was notified, and found him in surprisingly good shape, but within hours Van Gogh began to fail due to an untreated infection caused by the wound. Van Gogh died in the evening, 29 hours after he supposedly shot himself. According to Theo, his brother’s last words were: “The sadness will last forever.”

See Wikiart for examples of paintings by VanGogh.

In 1921, insulin was isolated at Toronto University by Canadians Sir Frederick Banting and Charles Best. It proved an effective treatment for diabetes.

July 27, 1940 – The animated short A Wild Hare was released, introducing the character of Bugs Bunny.

per Mark Steyn, August 1, 2015:

“Bugs Bunny turned 75 earlier this week. Like the Queen, he has official and unofficial birthdays. Unofficially, Looney Tunes introduced a rabbit to the cast of characters in “Porky’s Hare Hunt” (1938), but the anthropomorphized lagomorph looked nothing like Bugs and, although he was voiced by Mel Blanc, he sounded more like Woody Woodpecker. So, officially, Bugs made his debut in the form we know him today on July 27th 1940 in Chuck Jones’ “A Wild Hare”.

July 27, 1953: The Korean War ended, though an official state of war still exists between North Korea and South Korea.

Tidbits of History, July 26

All or Nothing Day -From Examiner.com: “July 26 is the perfect day to either “go for it” or “forget it.” It is the day to quit making excuses and silence the beliefs that prevent you from moving forward. Go on and fully own your choices. Either forget them or embrace what you want and just do it.”

National Talk in an Elevator Day
Aunt and Uncle Day
National Coffee Milkshake Day
National Bagelfest

Feast day of Saint Anne, patron saint of Canada, patroness of housewives and of miners, mother of the Virgin Mary, wife of Joachim.

July 26, 1775, United States Post Office (U.S.P.O.) was created in Philadelphia under Benjamin Franklin.

New York headerNew York Ratification Day in 1788 New York became the eleventh state

  • Capital: Albany
  • Nickname: Empire State/Excelsior State
  • Bird: Bluebird
  • Flower: Rose
  • Tree: Sugar maple
  • Motto: Ever Upward

See our page for more interesting facts and trivia about New York.

Louisa Adama, Born July 26, 1797Birthday of Louisa Johnson Adams (1797), wife of John Quincy Adams, first lady 1825-1829. Born in England, she was the only First Lady born outside the U.S. until Melania Trump, wife of President Donald Trump.

In 1847, the legislature of Liberia declared the nation an independent state. The American Colonization Society (ACS; in full, “The Society for the Colonization of Free People of Color of America”), established in 1817 by Robert Finley of New Jersey, was the primary vehicle to support the return of free African Americans to what was considered greater freedom in Africa. It helped to found the colony of Liberia in 1821–22 as a place for freedmen. From 1821, thousands of free black Americans moved to Liberia from the United States. Over twenty years, the colony continued to grow and establish economic stability.

Birthday of George Bernard Shaw (July 26, 1856), Irish-English dramatist, critic, novelist. Author of “Candida”, “Pygmalion” and many more.

July 26, 1878, in California, the poet and American West outlaw calling himself “Black Bart” makes his last clean getaway when he steals a safe box from a Wells Fargo stagecoach. The empty box will be found later with a taunting poem inside. He was later identified as British-born Charles Earl Bowles. (Read an interesting article about Black Bart at BenneyDavis.com.)

July 26, 1908, United States Attorney General Charles Joseph Bonaparte issued an order to immediately staff the Office of the Chief Examiner (later renamed the Federal Bureau of Investigation).

Tidbits of History, July 25

July 25 is:

Culinarians Day is a special day for anyone who cooks. That means just about everyone of us get to celebrate this day. You don’t have to be a chef, or a graduate of a culinary institute to celebrate this delicious day. You simply have to cook, and to enjoy the results.
Threading the Needle Day
National Hot Fudge Sundae Day
National Merry-Go-Round Day

Saint Christopher’s day, honoring the patron of motorists, bus drivers, and travelers.

Arch of ConstantineThe Arch of Constantine was completed (315 A.D.) near the Colosseum in Rome to commemorate Constantine I’s victory over Maxentius at the Milvian Bridge.

Don Diego de Losada founded the city of Santiago de Leon de Caracas in 1567, modern-day Caracas, the capital city of Venezuela.

Anna Harrison, born July 25, 1775Birthday of Anna Symmes Harrison (July 25, 1775), wife of William Henry Harrison, First Lady in 1841. As William Henry and his wife, Anna, prepared to leave Ohio to head to Virginia to visit a daughter and then to Washington for the inauguration, Anna Harrison became ill and too weak for the journey. She was still mourning the August 12, 1839 death of her son Carter, and the June 9, 1840 death of her son Benjamin. President Harrison was inaugurated on March 4 and died on April 4th. Anna Harison never entered the White House.

Horatio Nelson lost more than 300 men and his right arm during the failed conquest attempt of Tenerife (Spain) on this date in 1797.

July 25, 1814, Battle of Niagara Falls (Lundy’s Lane); Americans defeated British.

The Congress created the Territory of Wyoming in 1868. Brigadier General John A. Campbell was appointed by President Ulyses S. Grant as the first territorial governor and Cheyenne became Wyoming Territory’s temporary capital. The territorial legislature granted women the right to vote, serve on juries and hold office, beginning in 1869 — the new law was the first of its kind in the country. It was hoped that such laws would attract more women immigrants.

Andrea DoriaOn July 25, 1956 – 45 miles south of Nantucket Island, the Italian ocean liner SS Andrea Doria collided with the MS Stockholm in heavy fog and sank the next day, killing 51. Artifact recovery on Andrea Doria has resulted in additional loss of life. Sixteen scuba divers have lost their lives diving to the wreck, and diving conditions at the wreck site are considered very treacherous.

Tidbits of History, July 24

July 24 is:

Amelia Earhart Day
Cousins Day
National Tequila Day
National Jellybeans Day

Pioneer Day, celebrated in Utah. A legal holiday celebrating the entry of Brigham Young and the Mormon pioneers into the valley of the Salt Lake in 1847. After 17 months of travel, Brigham Young led 148 Mormon pioneers into Salt Lake Valley, resulting in the establishment of Salt Lake City.

July 24, 1534 – French explorer Jacques Cartier planted a cross on the Gaspé Peninsula and took possession of the territory in the name of Francis I of France.

Van Buren died July 24, 1862Death of Martin Van Buren, eighth President of the United States, on July 24, 1862. He was 79 and died at Kinderhook, New York. He died of bronchial asthma and heart failure following a case of pneumonia. Van Buren was the first president who was born an American (rather than a British) citizen. The term “O.K.” was popularized because of Van Buren. He was from Kinderhook, New York, sometimes referred to as “Old Kinderhook” in speeches and print. O.K. Clubs soon formed to support Van Buren’s campaign. “O.K.” later came to mean all right.

Birthday of Amelia Earhart (Putnam) (July 24, 1898), American aviatrix, the first woman to fly across the Atlantic.

Explorer Hiram Bingham re-discovered the remains of Machu Picchu in Peru on July 24, 1911.

1967 – During an official state visit to Canada, French President Charles de Gaulle declared to a crowd of over 100,000 in Montreal: “Vive le Québec libre!” (“Long live free Quebec!”). The statement, interpreted as support for Quebec independence, delighted many Québécois but angered the Canadian government and many English Canadians.

July 24, 1998, Russell Eugene Weston Jr. burst into the United States Capitol and opened fire killing two police officers. He was later ruled to be incompetent to stand trial.

Added courtesy of Christy Stone: “On July 24, 1901, William Sydney Porter, better known to literature fans as O. Henry, was released from prison after serving a three-year jail term for embezzling from an Austin Texas bank. He had previously hidden from authorities in Honduras but returned to America when his wife was diagnosed with a terminal illness, and supported his young daughter from prison by writing stories.”
That, in itself, is quite a story on its own.

July 24, 2002, James Traficant was expelled from the United States House of Representatives on a vote of 420 to 1 after being convicted of 10 felony counts including taking bribes, filing false tax returns, racketeering, and forcing his Congressional staff to perform chores at his farm in Ohio and houseboat in Washington, D.C