Tidbits of History, September 20

September 20 is:

Oktoberfest, date varies (Due to start September 19, 2020 – has been cancelled this year due to Coronavirus). The Oktoberfest is the world’s largest Volksfest (beer festival and travelling funfair). Held annually in Munich, Bavaria, Germany, it is a 16- to 18-day folk festival running from mid- or late September to the first Sunday in October, with more than six million people from around the world attending the event every year.

National Rum Punch Day

Rum was manufactured, distilled, and made long before any other spirit. It’s history is a vast one filled with stories, and fables. It was the first branded spirit made.
Rations of rum were given to sailors in the British Army to be mixed with lime juice because it fought off the scurvy.
When wealthy titles were given to parsons, they were thanked with a glass of rum.

Magellan's voyage Ferdinand Magellan (born Fernão de Magalhães) set sail from Sanlúcar de Barrameda in southern Spain with about 270 men on his expedition to circumnavigate the globe in 1519. Magellan’s expedition of 1519–1522 became the first expedition to sail from the Atlantic Ocean into the Pacific Ocean (then named “peaceful sea” by Magellan; the passage being made via the Strait of Magellan), and the first to cross the Pacific. His expedition completed the first circumnavigation of the Earth. Magellan did not complete the entire voyage, as he was killed during the Battle of Mactan in the Philippines in 1521.

Diego de Montemayor founded the city of Monterrey in New Spain (Mexico). Thirteen families founded Ciudad Metropolitana de Nuestra Señora de Monterrey (“Metropolitan City of Our Lady of Monterrey”) on September 20, 1596, next to a water spring called Ojos de Agua de Santa Lucia,

The American Association for the Advancement of Science was created September 20, 1848.

September 20, 1881Chester A. Arthur was inaugurated as the 21st President of the United States following the assassination of James Garfield in 1881.

Facts about Chester A. Arthur:
He did not make an inaugural address and he never selected a vice-president.
He did not immediately move into the White House – he insisted on it being redecorated. Arthur then hired Louis Comfort Tiffany to redecorate and furnish the White House. He had 24 wagonloads of furniture and artifacts hauled off and sold at public auction. It is rumored to include a pair of Lincoln’s pants and one of John Quncy Adams’ hats.
His wife died of pneumonia the year before he became president. Arthur honored her by having flowers placed in front of her portrait at the White House every single day.
He was diagnosed with Bright’s disease (a kidney ailment) shortly after becoming President and did not seek a second term. He left office in 1885 and died the following year at age 57. Prior to his death he ordered all his papers be destroyed. He is quoted as having said: “I may be president of the United States, but my private life is nobody’s damned business.”

In 1891, the first gasoline-powered car debuted in Springfield, Massachusetts

September 20, 2001 – In an address to a joint session of Congress and the American people, U.S. President George W. Bush declared a “War on Terror”.

In 2011, the United States ended its “Don’t Ask, Don’t Tell” policy, allowing gay men and women to serve openly for the first time.

Tidbits of History, September 19

September 19 is:

International Talk Like A Pirate Day ;
National Butterscotch Pudding Day

1676 – Jamestown, Virginia colony was burned to the ground by the forces of Nathaniel Bacon during Bacon’s Rebellion.

Sept 19, 1778, The Continental Congress passed the first budget of the United States.

September 19, 18811881 Death of James Abram Garfield , twentieth President of the United States. Garfield was serving in the House of Representatives when he was elected President, the only active Representative to have been elected to the presidency. Garfield was also the first left-handed President. Garfield was inaugurated on Mar 4, 1881.

Garfield was shot July 2, 1881 by assassin Charles J Guiteau. On September 19, 1881 Garfield had a massive heart attack and a ruptured splenic artery aneurysm, blood poisoning and pneumonia. He was 49 years old.

Unusual information about Garfield:

  • It is said you could ask him a question in English and he could simultaneously write the answer in Greek with one hand and in Latin with the other.
  • President Garfield’s mother was the first president’s mother to attend her son’s inauguration.
  • Garfield was the first president to campaign in multiple languages. He often spoke in German with German-Americans he encountered along the campaign trail.
  • To stay in shape and build muscles, James Garfield liked to juggle Indian clubs, a popular exercise device during the late 19th and early 20th century. The clubs were shaped like bowling pins and were swung in patterns as part of an exercise routine.

1893 New Zealand becomes the first country to grant all women the right to vote

1945 – Lord Haw-Haw (William Joyce) is sentenced to death in London. Lord Haw-Haw was a nickname applied to wartime traitor William Joyce, remembered for his propaganda broadcasts that opened with “Jairmany calling, Jairmany calling”, spoken in an unintentionally comic upper-class accent.

Charlie ChaplinThe United States barred Charlie Chaplin from re-entering the country after a trip to England. He was accused of being a Communist sympathizer in 1952.

Tidbits of History, September 18

September 18 is:

Rosh Hashanah Day The Jewish New Year begins at sundown on September 18, 2020.
Wife Appreciation Day
Play-Dough Day
Rice Krispies Treats Day
National Cheeseburger Day

Birthday of Samuel Johnson (September 18, 1709), English poet and essayist, creator of the first dictionary of the English language. Quotes from Johnson:

The true measure of a man is how he treats someone who can do him absolutely no good.
Prejudice, not being founded on reason, cannot be removed by argument.
A horse that can count to ten is a remarkable horse, not a remarkable mathematician.

Spinet made Sept 18, 17631763 – It was reported, by the Boston Gazette, that the first piano had been built in the United States. The instrument was named the spinet and was made by John Harris.

U.S. CapitolThe first cornerstone of the Capitol building was laid by George Washington on this date in 1793. The Capitol was expanded in the 1850’s with two new wings added – a south wing for the House of Representatives and a north wing for the Senate.

Grammar Note:

As a noun, capital refers to (1) a city that serves as a center of government, (2) wealth in the form of money or property, and (3) a capital letter. As an adjective, it means (1) principal, (2) involving financial assets, and (3) deserving of the death penalty. There are other definitions of capital, but these are the most commonly used ones.

Capitol has two very specific definitions (outside ancient Rome): (1) a U.S. state legislature building, and (2) the U.S. Capitol building in Washington, D.C. State capitols are located in the capital cities of U.S. states, and the Capitol is located in the capital city of the U.S. If you’re not talking about any of these capitol buildings, then the word you want is probably capital.

The Capitol building located in Washington, D.C. is spelled with a capital C, but state capitol buildings ordinarily don’t have the capital C (which is not to say that some writers don’t capitalize them anyway).

Tom Thumb locomotive race Sept 18, 1830The “Tom Thumb”, the first locomotive built in America, raced a horse on a nine-mile course in 1830. The horse won when the locomotive had some mechanical difficulties. “Tom Thumb” was the first American-built steam locomotive used on a common-carrier railroad. Designed and built by Peter Cooper in 1830, it was designed to convince owners of the newly formed Baltimore and Ohio Railroad (B&O) to use steam engines.

1850 – The Fugitive Slave Act was declared by the U.S. Congress. The act allowed slave owners to claim slaves that had escaped into other states.

1851 – First publication of The New-York Daily Times, (2 cents a copy) which later becomes The New York Times.

September 18, 18701870 – Old Faithful Geyser was observed and named by Henry D. Washburn during the Washburn-Langford-Doane Expedition to Yellowstone.

Sept 18, 1965The first episode of “I Dream of Jeannie” was shown on NBC-TV on September 18, 1965. The last show was televised on September 1, 1970.

Tidbits of History, September 16

September 16 has been selected by many organizations as “their day”:

National Cinnamon Raisin Bread Day
Guacamole Day
Avocados are native to Central and South America. They have been cultivated for over 10,000 years.
Avocados are also known as “alligator pears”.
The Aztec word for avocado was ahuacatl, which means “testicle tree”.
Spanish explorers could not pronounce ahuacatl, so they called the avocado, “aguacate.” This is the origin of the word guacamole.

Collect Rocks Day
Step-Family Day
Working Parents’ Day
National Stay Away From Seattle Day, an anti-tourism sentiment observed worldwide, except in Seattle, to give America’s ‘Best Place to Live’ city a break from the influx of people moving to the area. Not a problem in 2020.

Anne BradstreetAnne Bradstreet Day
Anne Bradstreet, née Dudley, was the most prominent of early English poets of North America and first female writer in England’s North American colonies to be published. She was also a prominent Puritan figure in American Literature. Quotes from Anne Bradstreet:

Youth is the time of getting, middle age of improving, and old age of spending.
If we had no winter, the spring would not be so pleasant: if we did not sometimes taste of adversity, prosperity would not be so welcome.
Authority without wisdom is like a heavy axe without an edge, fitter to bruise than polish.
If ever two were one, then surely we. If ever man were loved by wife, then thee.

Mayflower Day – Anniversary of the sailing of the Pilgrims on the Mayflower from Plymouth England in 1620

Mexican Independence Day
September 16 is one of Mexico’s most important holidays. Every year, local mayors and politicians re-enact the famous Grito de Dolores. It marks the beginning of the Mexican War of Independence. The “grito” or cry by Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla, a Roman Catholic priest. On September 16, 1810, Hidalgo ordered the church bells to be rung and gathered his congregation. He addressed the people in front of his church, encouraging them to revolt.

1630 – The village of Shawmut changed its name to Boston.

Cherokee OutletThe Land Run of 1893, also known as the Cherokee Strip Land Run, marked the opening to settlement of the Cherokee Outlet, in what would become the U.S. state of Oklahoma. The run began at noon on September 16, 1893, with more than 100,000 participants hoping to claim land. The land offices for the run were set up in Perry, Enid, Woodward, and Alva with over 6.5 million acres (26,000 km²) of land. It was the largest land run in United States history.

1908 – General Motors was founded by William Crapo “Billy” Durant. The company was formed by merging the Buick and Olds car companies.

1940 – U.S. President Franklin Delano Roosevelt signed into law the Selective Training and Service Act, which set up the first peacetime military draft in U.S. history.

1953 – The St. Louis Browns of the American League were given permission to move to Baltimore, MD, where they became the Baltimore Orioles.

Tidbits of History, September 15

September 15 was chosen by many organizations as “their day”:

Make a Hat Day

National Cheese Toast Day

National Linguine Day Linguine means “little tongues” in Italian.

National Creme de Menthe Day

Greenpeace Day

National Double Cheeseburger Day
Per foodimentary.com:
The oldest fast food restaurant in the world is the White Castle franchise, which opened in 1921.
The people of America eat more burgers out at restaurants or on the go than they do at home.
The largest hamburger ever created was over 8,000 pounds and was cooked for a burger festival in Wisconsin.
The hamburger in its current form, with ground beef and a bun, is a decidedly American creation.
Hamburgers are made of beef, not ham, and there is much debate over whether they actually originated in Hamburg.

The United States Department of State was established in 1789 (formerly known as the “Department of Foreign Affairs”).

President James Madison, born March 16, 1751Dolley Madison James Madison married Dolly Payne Todd on this day in 1794 at Harewood, Virginia.

September 15Birthday of William Howard Taft (September 15, 1857), twenty-seventh President of the United States. (President 1909-1913). He was the first American president to throw the ceremonial first pitch at a baseball game, at Griffith Stadium, Washington, D.C., on April 14, 1910. He became Chief Justice of the Supreme Court in 1921. He is the only person to have served in both of these offices.

Birthday of James Fenimore Cooper (September 15. 1789), American novelist famous for the “Leather Stocking Tales” which include “The Last of the Mohicans” and “The Deerslayer”.

Map of Central AmericaCentral America Map September 15, 1821: Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras and Nicaragua declared independence from Spain.

1916 – During the Battle of the Somme, in France, tanks were first used in warfare when the British rolled them onto the battlefields.

Nazi Germany adopted a new national flag with the swastika on this date in 1935. The Nuremberg Laws were enacted which stripped all German Jews of their civil rights.

1965 CBS-TV introduced two new shows: “Lost in Space” and “Green Acres”

Sandra Day O'ConnorThe Senate Judiciary Committee unanimously approved Sandra Day O’Connor to become the first female justice of the Supreme Court of the United States in 1981. She had been nominated by President Ronald Reagan. She retired in 2006.

Tidbits of History, September 14

September 14 is:

National Live Creative Day
National Eat a Hoagie Day (A submarine sandwich, also known as a sub, hoagie, hero, or grinder)

National Cream-Filled Donut Day
In the U.S. alone, more than 10 billion donuts are made every year.

Dante died September 14, 1321Anniversary of the death of Dante Alighieri (September 14, 1321), Italian poet known throughout the world for his “Divine Comedy”

September 14, 1752: Great Britain switched from the Julian calendar (named for Julius Caesar) to the Gregorian calendar, (named for Pope Gregory) skipping eleven days (the previous day was September 2).
The Julian calendar has two types of year: a normal year of 365 days and a leap year of 366 days. It followed a simple cycle of three normal years and one leap year, giving an average year that is 365.25 days long. That is more than the actual solar year value of 365.24219 days, which means the Julian calendar gains one day every 128 years.

The Gregorian calendar was introduced in 1582. It changed the extra day in leap year by the following rule:

Every year that is exactly divisible by four is a leap year, except for years that are exactly divisible by 100, but these centurial years are leap years if they are exactly divisible by 400. For example, the years 1700, 1800, and 1900 are not leap years, but the years 1600 and 2000 are.

To deal with the drift, since the Julian calendar was fixed, the date was advanced 10 days; In Great Britain September 2 was followed by September 14, 1752.

The poem Defense of Fort McHenry was written by Francis Scott Key in 1814. The poem is later used as the lyrics of The Star-Spangled Banner.

Pavlov born September 14, 18491849 Ivan Petrovich Pavlov was born. Pavlov’s work with dogs actually started as a study of digestion. He theorized that digestion was controlled in part by sensory inputs of sight, smell and taste – and as he discovered, sound. The concept for which Pavlov is famous is the “conditioned reflex”.

President McKinley shot, September 6, 19011901 – Death of William McKinley, twenty-fifth President of the United States. He was shot on September 6, 1901 by Leon Czolgosz, an anarchist at the grounds of the Pan-American Exposition in Buffalo, New York. He is succeeded by Theodore Roosevelt.
Following McKinley’s murder, the U.S. Congress passed legislation to officially charge the Secret Service with the responsibility for protecting the president.

Points of Interest about McKinley:

  • He was supposedly the inspiration for the Wizard of Oz.
  • He was 5 foot 7 inches tall
  • He had a pet parrot named “Washington Post” who could whistle to the tune of Yankee Doodle.
  • His portrait appeared on the U.S. $500 bill from 1928 to 1946
  • McKinley’s wife, Ida, disliked the color yellow so much she had all things yellow removed from the White House, including the yellow flowers in the garden.

1963 –Andrew and Mary Ann Fischer, Aberdeen, SD,became parents to America’s 1st surviving quintuplets, 4 girls & a boy – Mary Ann, Mary Catherine, Mary Magdalene, Mary Margaret and James Andrew. The Fischers already had five children. All five quints survived to adulthood, celebrating their 50th birthday in 2013.

September 14September 14, 1982: Grace Kelly, Princess of Monaco, died after a car crash the previous day.

1994 – The Major League Baseball season was canceled because of a strike.

2001 – Historic National Prayer Service was held at Washington National Cathedral for victims of the September 11 attacks. A similar service was held in Canada on Parliament Hill, the largest vigil ever held in the nation’s capital.

Tidbits of History, September 12

September 12 is:

National Video Games Day
National Day of Encouragement
National Programmers Day – 256th Day of the Year. On the 256th day of the year, the Day of the Programmer honors the innovators who continue to change the world, one program at a time. Also known as International Programmers Day, this day is celebrated based on binary code. The number 256 is distinct to programmers. Represented by an eight-bit byte 256 equals 2 to the eighth power.

Chocolate Milk Shake Day
From Foodimentary.com:

  • Milkshakes got their name from being served in bars. If the customer enjoyed the milkshake, he shook hands with the bartender. If not, the bartender didn’t get a tip.
  • Malted milk powder was invented in 1897 by James and William Horlick, but it was Ivar Coulson, a soda jerk for a Walgreen’s drug store, who first added it to milkshakes in 1922. This created the malted milkshake or just plain “malt.”
  • Steven Poplawski invented the electric blender in 1922 just for milkshakes. Before that, the effort of shaking them up must have required a lot of upper body motion.
  • Australians can still buy traditional milkshakes in “milk bars,” which are much like old-fashioned drugstores with counter service. They’re usually served still in the steel cup, but may be poured into a paper cup for carry out orders.

On September 12, 1846, Elizabeth Barrett eloped with Robert Browning.

In 1857, the SS Central America sank about 160 miles east of Cape Hatteras, North Carolina, drowning a total of 426 passengers and crew, including Captain William Lewis Herndon. The ship was carrying 13–15 tons of gold from the California Gold Rush.

From Today in Science”
In 1915, a prisoner developed a rash associated with the disease pellegra. He was part of a study designed by Dr. Joseph Goldberger to provide a protein-deficient diet for several months to 12 volunteer inmates of the state prison at Jackson, Mississippi. For Goldberger, it meant a proof that the cause of the deadly disease pellegra was a result of poor diet, and that it was not contagious. For the inmates, it earned a pardon.

September 12, 19531953 – U.S. Senator and future President John Fitzgerald Kennedy married Jacqueline Lee Bouvier at St. Mary’s Church in Newport, Rhode Island.

From Today in Science”
In 1962, President John F. Kennedy delivered his famous space speech.  Speaking at the stadium of Rice University, the text of his speech included these memorable lines,

“We choose to go to the moon. We choose to go to the moon in this decade and do the other things, not because they are easy, but because they are hard; because that goal will serve to organize and measure the best of our energies and skills; because that challenge is one that we are willing to accept, one we are unwilling to postpone, and one which we intend to win, and the others, too. It is for these reasons that I regard the decision last year to shift our efforts in space from low to high gear as among the most important decisions that will be made during my incumbency in the office of the Presidency.”«

Webmaster’s note: If you have never heard or read the speech in full, please click this link.   Do it! Now!
(home of the speech)

Tidbits of History, September 11

September 11 is:

September 11, 2001Patriot Day
September 11 – 2001: The September 11 attacks occurred, as Islamist terrorists crashed airplanes into the World Trade Center in New York City, the Pentagon in Washington, and the ground at Shanksville, Pennsylvania. In total, almost 3,000 people died in the attacks, including the 227 civilians and 19 hijackers aboard the four planes. It also was the deadliest incident for firefighters and for law enforcement officers in the history of the United States, with 343 and 72 killed respectively.

Make Your Bed Day

No News is Good News Day

September 11, 1777- Battle of Brandywine, Pa; Americans lost to British

American Navy defeated British in the Battle of Lake Champlain, NY during the War of 1812.

O'Henry born September 11, 1862Birthday of William Sidney Porter (O’Henry) in 1862 , American short-story writer and journalist. Among his most famous stories are:

  • “The Gift of the Magi”, about a young couple, Jim and Della, who are short of money but desperately want to buy each other Christmas gifts. Unbeknownst to Jim, Della sells her most valuable possession, her beautiful hair, in order to buy a platinum fob chain for Jim’s watch; while unbeknownst to Della, Jim sells his own most valuable possession, his watch, to buy jeweled combs for Della’s hair.
  • “The Ransom of Red Chief” in which two men kidnap a boy of ten. The boy turns out to be so bratty and obnoxious that the desperate men ultimately pay the boy’s father $250 to take him back.

In his book “Cabbages and Kings”, he coined the phrase “banana republic”.

Birthday of D. H. (David Herbert) Lawrence (September 11, 1885), English writer of “Lady Chatterley’s Lover”.

On September 11, 1941, President FDR ordered any Axis ship found in American waters be shot at on sight.

Congress passed a bill authorizing food stamps for poor Americans on this date in 1959.

The Young Americans for Freedom, meeting at home of William F. Buckley, Jr. in Sharon, Conn. on September 11, 1960, promulgated the Sharon Statement.

The Sharon Statement

Adopted by the Young Americans for Freedom Conference at Sharon, Conn.,

IN THIS TIME of moral and political crises, it is the responsibility of the youth of America to affirm certain eternal truths

WE, as young conservatives believe:

THAT foremost among the transcendent values is the individual’s use of his God-given free will, whence derives his right to be free from the restrictions of arbitrary force;

THAT liberty is indivisible, and that political freedom cannot long exist without economic freedom;

THAT the purpose of government is to protect those freedoms through the preservation of internal order, the provision of national defense, and the administration of justice;

THAT when government ventures beyond these rightful functions, it accumulates power, which tends to diminish order and liberty;

THAT the Constitution of the United States is the best arrangement yet devised for empowering government to fulfill its proper role, while restraining it from the concentration and abuse of power;

THAT the genius of the Constitution – the division of powers – is summed up in the clause that reserves primacy to the several states, or to the people in those spheres not specifically delegated to the Federal government;

THAT the market economy, allocating resources by the free play of supply and demand, is the single economic system compatible with the requirements of personal freedom and constitutional government, and that it is at the same time the most productive supplier of human needs;

THAT when government interferes with the work of the market economy, it tends to reduce the moral and physical strength of the nation, that when it takes from one to bestow on another, it diminishes the incentive of the first, the integrity of the second, and the moral autonomy of both;

THAT we will be free only so long as the national sovereignty of the United States is secure; that history shows periods of freedom are rare, and can exist only when free citizens concertedly defend their rights against all enemies…

THAT the forces of international Communism are, at present, the greatest single threat to these liberties;

THAT the United States should stress victory over, rather than coexistence with this menace; and

THAT American foreign policy must be judged by this criterion: does it serve the just interests of the United States?”

Save

Save

Tidbits of History, September 9

September 9 is the 253rd day of the year.

National Hug Your Boss Day
National “I Love Food” Day!
National Wiener Schnitzel Day A Wiener Schnitzel is a veal cutlet coated in bread and then pan-fried. This renowned dish is considered an Austrian delicacy in its beautiful capital, Vienna.

T. Roosevelt, died January 6Teddy Bear Day: From Holiday Insights

During the early 1900s, President Theodore Roosevelt was in office as President of the United States. He was a hunter. While hunting in Mississippi in 1902, he refused to shoot a small bear. The Washington Post picked up on this story, and made a cartoon of the event. Toy store owners, Morris and Rose Michtom, wrote to President Roosevelt for permission to call their stuffed animals “Teddy Bears”. Teddy bears became wildly popular. Their company went on to become the Ideal Toy Company, one of the largest toy companies in the world.

William Bligh1754 William Bligh was born. He became captain of the English ship, Bounty, and while sailing to Tahiti to bring back breadfruit trees, the most famous mutiny in history took place.

On this date in 1776 the Continental Congress officially named its new union of sovereign states the United States.

In 1791 – Washington, D.C., the capital of the United States, was named after President George Washington.

Leo TolstoyBirthday of Count Leo Tolstoy (September 9, 1828), Russian novelist famous for “War and Peace” and “Anna Karenina”

The Compromise of 1850 provisions included:

  • Texas surrendered its claim to New Mexico, as well as its claims north of the Missouri Compromise Line. It retained the Texas Panhandle and the federal government took over the state’s public debt.
  • California was admitted as a free state with its current boundaries.
  • The South prevented adoption of the Wilmot Proviso that would have outlawed slavery in the new territories, and the new Utah Territory and New Mexico Territory were allowed, under the principle of popular sovereignty, to decide whether to allow slavery within their borders. In practice, these lands were generally unsuited to plantation agriculture and their settlers were uninterested in slavery.
  • The slave trade (but not slavery altogether) was banned in the District of Columbia.
  • A more stringent Fugitive Slave Law was enacted.

California - Sequoia-King's Canyon ParkCalifornia Admission Day, on September 9, 1850 becoming the thirty-first state

  • Capital: Sacramento
  • Nickname: Golden State
  • Bird: California Valley Quail
  • Flower: Golden poppy
  • Tree: California Redwood
  • Motto: Eureka! I Have Found It

See our page California for more interesting facts and trivia about California.

Colonel Harlan Sanders1890 Harland Sanders was born near Henryville, Indiana. Founder of Kentucky Fried Chicken fast food restaurant chain.

September 10, 1898: Elisabeth of AustriaElisabeth of Bavaria, Empress of Austria was stabbed to death by Italian anarchist Luigi Lucheni at Lake Geneva, Switzerland.

Toulouse-Lautrec1901 Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec died. French artist who documented Parisian night life in the 1890s with his insightful posters. For examples of his art, see Wikiart.

From Today in Science
NBC

In 1926, the National Broadcasting Company (NBC) was created by the Radio Corporation of America (RCA), shortly after the acquistion (May 1926) of the radio network operations of AT&T, which had decided to withdraw from radio. The new NBC network was publicized with full-page ads in many publications. The new network’s debut broadcast was transmitted on 15 Nov 1926. The network assets bought from AT&T with stations in major cities of several states became the NBC-Red network (a designation reflecting its origin when the inter-city circuit charts were marked with telephone links between network radio stations in red pencil. The smaller existing network of the buyer became NBC-Blue.

Orville Redenbacher1995 Orville Redenbacher died. Founder of gourmet popcorn company.

Tidbits of History, September 6

September 6 is:

Fight Procrastination Day
Read a Book Day…Isn’t that every day?
National Coffee Ice Cream Day

Coffee is only grown near the equator, from the Tropic of Cancer to the Tropic of Capricorn, within a 1,000 mile limit.

tropic of capricorn and cancer

From thoughtco.com

The Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn each lie at 23.5 degrees latitude. The Tropic of Cancer is located at 23.5 degrees north of the equator and runs through Mexico, the Bahamas, Egypt, Saudi Arabia, India, and southern China. The Tropic of Capricorn lies at 23.5 degrees south of the equator and runs through Australia, Chile, southern Brazil (Brazil is the only country that passes through both the equator and a tropic), and northern South Africa.

The tropics are the two lines where the sun is directly overhead at noon on the two solstices—about June 21 and December 21. The sun is directly overhead at noon on the Tropic of Cancer on June 21 (the beginning of summer in the Northern Hemisphere and the beginning of winter in the Southern Hemisphere), and the sun is directly overhead at noon on the Tropic of Capricorn on December 21 (the beginning of winter in the Northern Hemisphere and the beginning of summer in the Southern Hemisphere).

The reason for the location of the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn at roughly 23.5 degrees north and south, respectively, is due to the axial tilt of the Earth. The Earth is tilted 23.5 degrees from the plane of the Earth’s revolution around the sun each year.

The area bounded by the Tropic of Cancer on the north and Tropic of Capricorn on the south is known as the “tropics.” This area does not experience seasons, because the sun is always high in the sky. Only higher latitudes, north of the Tropic of Cancer and south of the Tropic of Capricorn, experience significant seasonal variation in climate. Areas in the tropics can be cold, however. The peak of Mauna Kea on the Big Island of Hawaii stands nearly 14,000 feet above sea level, and snow is not unusual.

If you live north of the Tropic of Cancer or south of the Tropic of Capricorn, the sun will never be directly overhead. In the United States, for example, Hawaii is the only location in the country that is south of the Tropic of Cancer, and it is thus the only location in the United States where the sun will be directly overhead in the summer.

Puritans settled Salem in 1628. It will later become part of Massachusetts Bay Colony.

Birthday of Gilbert du Motier, Marquis de Lafayette (September 6, 1757), French aristocrat and military officer who became a general in the American Revolutionary War and a leader of the Garde nationale during the French Revolution. He was granted honorary U.S. citizenship in 2002, one of only 8 people so honored.

Birthday of Jane Addams (September 6, 1860), American social worker, founder of Hull House in Chicago, a settlement house for newly arrived European immigrants.

September 6, 1901: US President William McKinley President McKinley shot, September 6,  1901 was shot by anarchist Leon Czolgosz at Pan American Exposition in Buffalo NY. Two shots were fired. The first deflected off a button and was easily found and removed. The second however was fatal. The newly-developed X-ray machine was displayed at the fair, but doctors were reluctant to use it on McKinley to search for the bullet because they did not know what side effects it may have had on him. Also, ironically, the operating room at the exposition’s emergency hospital did not have any electric lighting, even though the exteriors of many of the buildings at the extravagant exposition were covered with thousands of light bulbs. Doctors used a pan to reflect sunlight onto the operating table as they treated McKinley’s wounds. McKinley eventually went into shock. He died from his wounds early on the morning of September 14th.

September 6, 1997: The funeral of Diana, Princess of Wales took place in London.